Also known as Anti-Obesity Drug 9604, hGH Fragment 176-191

AOD-9604 is a synthetic fragment of the C-terminal region of human growth hormone (residues 176-191). It stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis through a mechanism that does not activate the GH receptor, so it does not raise IGF-1 or blood glucose. Primary use is targeted fat reduction and adjunctive metabolic support. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Cibinetide, Helix B Surface Peptide, HBSP

ARA-290 is an 11-amino acid peptide derived from the helix B domain of erythropoietin. It binds the innate repair receptor (a heterodimer of the EPO receptor and the beta common receptor) to reduce inflammation and support nerve and tissue repair without stimulating erythropoiesis. Primary use is small-fiber neuropathy, sarcoidosis-associated neuropathy, and broader tissue protection. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Synthetic VIP, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

Aviptadil is a synthetic form of vasoactive intestinal peptide, a 28-amino acid neuropeptide. It acts on VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors to produce pulmonary vasodilation, bronchodilation, and anti-inflammatory effects on alveolar type II cells. Primary use is pulmonary hypertension, erectile dysfunction, and investigational roles in acute respiratory distress. Administered by inhalation, intravenously, or by intracavernosal injection.

Also known as Body Protective Compound 157, Pentadecapeptide BPC 157

BPC-157 is a pentadecapeptide (15 amino acids) derived from a protective protein in human gastric juice. It promotes angiogenesis, fibroblast migration, and nitric oxide signaling, and it upregulates growth hormone receptor expression at injury sites. Primary use is gastrointestinal healing, musculoskeletal injury recovery, and wound repair. Administered subcutaneously or orally.

Also known as BPC-157 plus TB-500, BPC-157 + Thymosin Beta-4

BPC-157/TB4 is a combination of BPC-157 and Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500). It pairs the pro-angiogenic and gastrointestinal effects of BPC-157 with the actin regulation, cellular migration, and stem cell recruitment of TB-4, delivering broader regenerative coverage than either peptide alone. Primary use is complex soft tissue injury, post-surgical recovery, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Administered subcutaneously.

Components BPC-157, TB-500

Also known as Porcine Neuropeptide Preparation

Cerebrolysin is a standardized mixture of low-molecular-weight neuropeptides and free amino acids derived from porcine brain tissue. Its activity overlaps BDNF, NGF, and GDNF signaling, supporting neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and recovery after ischemic or traumatic injury. Primary use is stroke recovery, traumatic brain injury, dementia, and selected neurodevelopmental conditions. Administered intramuscularly or intravenously.

Also known as Modified GRF 1-29, CJC-1295 with DAC, CJC-1295 no DAC

CJC-1295 is a synthetic analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone with four amino acid substitutions that resist DPP-IV degradation. The DAC (Drug Affinity Complex) variant binds serum albumin for a multi-day half-life; the no-DAC form preserves pulsatile timing. It amplifies endogenous GH and IGF-1 output. Primary use is GH axis optimization, body composition, and recovery, typically paired with a ghrelin-receptor agonist such as Ipamorelin. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide, PNB-0408

Dihexa is a peptidomimetic derived from angiotensin IV. It potentiates hepatocyte growth factor signaling at the c-Met receptor, promoting dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis in the hippocampus. Primary use is cognitive enhancement and investigational roles in neurodegenerative disease. Administered orally or transdermally.

Also known as Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide

DSIP is a nonapeptide originally isolated from the cerebral blood of sleeping rabbits. It modulates corticotropin release, pain thresholds, and the induction of delta-wave sleep through incompletely mapped central mechanisms. Primary use is sleep architecture support, chronic pain syndromes, and stress modulation. Administered subcutaneously or intranasally.

Also known as Epithalon, Epithalamin tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly

Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) modeled on the pineal extract epithalamin. It upregulates telomerase activity, restores circadian amplitude, and normalizes nocturnal melatonin rhythm in aging tissue. Primary use is longevity protocols, sleep regulation, and age-related pineal insufficiency. Administered subcutaneously, typically in short cycles.

Also known as FST, Activin-binding protein

Follistatin is a glycoprotein that binds and neutralizes myostatin (GDF-8) and activin A with high affinity. By removing myostatin-mediated inhibition, it permits increased skeletal muscle growth and supports regenerative signaling. Primary use is anabolic and sarcopenia-adjacent protocols and investigational muscular dystrophy applications. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as FOXO4 D-Retro-Inverso peptide, FOXO4-p53 interference peptide

FOXO4-DRI is a modified D-retro-inverso peptide that disrupts the FOXO4 and p53 interaction in senescent cells, releasing p53 to selectively trigger apoptosis while sparing healthy cells. Primary use is senolytic and longevity protocols aimed at reducing senescent cell burden. Administered subcutaneously in intermittent cycles.

Also known as Copper Peptide, Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) complexed with a bound copper(II) ion. It regulates genes involved in collagen and elastin synthesis, wound repair, stem cell activation, and antioxidant defense. Primary use is skin remodeling, hair regeneration, and wound healing. Administered topically, subcutaneously, or by microneedling.

Also known as Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 2, Pralmorelin

GHRP-2 is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide that acts as an agonist at the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a). It stimulates pulsatile GH release with modest effects on cortisol and prolactin. Primary use is GH amplification protocols and as a probe in GH deficiency testing. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6

GHRP-6 is a hexapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist that stimulates GH secretion and strongly activates the appetite pathway. It is useful in settings where both GH release and appetite stimulation are clinically desired. Primary use is GH amplification and clinical management of cachexia or appetite loss. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as BPC-157 / TB-500 / GHK-Cu combination

GLOW is a compounded combination of BPC-157, TB-500, and GHK-Cu. It layers visceral and soft tissue repair with collagen remodeling, angiogenesis, and antioxidant gene regulation. Primary use is dermal rejuvenation, post-procedure recovery, and systemic regenerative support. Administered subcutaneously.

Components BPC-157, TB-500, GHK-Cu

Also known as GLP-1 receptor agonist

GLP-1 is a synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. It activates GLP-1 receptors on pancreatic beta cells to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite through central satiety signaling. Primary use is type 2 diabetes management and weight regulation. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as GnRH, Synthetic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide identical to endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Pulsatile administration stimulates pituitary release of LH and FSH, preserving testicular function during suppressive therapies. Primary use is maintenance of the HPG axis during testosterone replacement and in fertility protocols. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Examorelin

Hexarelin is a potent hexapeptide GH secretagogue that binds both the ghrelin receptor and CD36. It produces robust GH pulses and exerts cardioprotective effects independent of the GH axis. Primary use is short-term GH amplification and investigational cardioprotection. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as HN, Mitochondrial-derived peptide

Humanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA region of mitochondrial DNA. It exerts cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, and insulin-sensitizing effects through binding to FPR2/3 and the CNTF/gp130 receptor complex. Primary use is longevity, neurodegeneration, and metabolic stress protocols. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Long Arg3 IGF-1

IGF-1 LR3 is a long-arginine analog of insulin-like growth factor-1 with reduced binding to IGF binding proteins, producing an extended half-life and greater bioactive availability. It drives anabolic signaling through the IGF-1R and PI3K/Akt pathway, supporting muscle hypertrophy and tissue repair. Primary use is body composition and recovery, with careful metabolic monitoring. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Selective GH secretagogue

Ipamorelin is a pentapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist that produces clean GH pulses with minimal effect on cortisol, prolactin, or ACTH. It is commonly paired with a GHRH analog such as Sermorelin or CJC-1295. Primary use is GH and IGF-1 amplification in adult GH insufficiency and recovery protocols. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as KP-10, Metastin fragment 45-54

Kisspeptin-10 is a decapeptide fragment of the KISS1 protein. It acts as the master upstream regulator of GnRH neurons, stimulating physiologic LH and FSH release. Primary use is fertility induction, hypogonadism assessment, and HPG axis support. Administered subcutaneously or intravenously.

Also known as GHK-Cu / BPC-157 / TB-500 / KPV combination

KLOW is a compounded combination formulated as GHK-Cu 50 mg, BPC-157 10 mg, TB-500 10 mg, and KPV 10 mg. It layers anti-inflammatory, regenerative, and collagen-remodeling effects in a single formulation. Primary use is systemic tissue repair, dermatologic applications, and inflammatory conditions. Administered subcutaneously.

Components GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500, KPV

Also known as Lysine-Proline-Valine, alpha-MSH 11-13

KPV is a tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of alpha-MSH. It binds melanocortin receptors (notably MC1R) and acts intracellularly to suppress NF-kB and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Primary use is inflammatory bowel disease, dermatologic inflammation, and mast cell activation. Administered orally, rectally, or subcutaneously.

Also known as Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, CAMP

LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, a 37-amino acid fragment cleaved from hCAP-18. It directly disrupts bacterial membranes, neutralizes bacterial LPS, and modulates innate immune signaling. Primary use is chronic infection, biofilm-associated disease, and wound healing. Administered subcutaneously, intranasally, or topically.

Also known as MT-II

Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH. It non-selectively activates melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, MC5R), stimulating melanogenesis, central sexual arousal, and appetite suppression. Primary use is pigmentation and sexual function, with careful nevus screening before and during therapy. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Ibutamoren, MK-0677

MK-677 is an orally bioavailable non-peptide ghrelin-receptor agonist. It produces sustained elevation in GH and IGF-1 through a mechanism equivalent to peptide secretagogues while preserving diurnal rhythm. Primary use is GH axis amplification without injections; notable adverse effects include appetite increase, fluid retention, and reduced insulin sensitivity. Administered orally.

Also known as Mitochondrial ORF of 12S rRNA-c

MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA region of mitochondrial DNA. It activates AMPK, improves insulin sensitivity, and enhances metabolic flexibility, behaving as an exercise mimetic. Primary use is metabolic health, insulin resistance, and age-related metabolic decline. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

NAD+ is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a nucleotide coenzyme essential for sirtuin and PARP activity and a central electron carrier in cellular metabolism. Supplementation restores declining cellular NAD+ pools implicated in aging and mitochondrial dysfunction. Primary use is longevity, mitochondrial support, neurocognitive recovery, and addiction medicine. Administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or intranasally.

Also known as Bremelanotide

PT-141 is a cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist with selectivity for MC4R. It acts centrally to increase sexual arousal in both sexes, independent of vascular mechanisms targeted by PDE5 inhibitors. Primary use is hypoactive sexual desire disorder and erectile dysfunction unresponsive to first-line therapy. Administered subcutaneously or intranasally.

Also known as GLP-1 / GIP / glucagon triple agonist

Retatrutide is a synthetic peptide that activates GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. It combines incretin-driven insulin release and appetite suppression with glucagon-mediated energy expenditure and lipolysis, producing substantial weight loss in clinical trials. Primary use is obesity and metabolic disease. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as TP-7, Threonyl-Lysyl-Prolyl-Arginyl-Prolyl-Glycyl-Proline

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin. It modulates GABAergic tone and upregulates BDNF without sedation, tolerance, or dependence. Primary use is anxiety, cognitive support, and stress modulation. Administered intranasally or subcutaneously.

Also known as GLP-1 receptor agonist, long-acting

Semaglutide is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist engineered with fatty acid side-chain acylation for albumin binding and a weekly dosing profile. It enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite via central pathways. Primary use is type 2 diabetes and weight management. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as ACTH (4-10) Pro-Gly-Pro, Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide fragment of ACTH (4-10) with a terminal Pro-Gly-Pro tail added for protease resistance. It upregulates BDNF and NGF expression, modulates dopamine and serotonin systems, and shows neuroprotective effects in stroke models. Primary use is cognitive enhancement, stroke recovery, and ADHD-adjacent protocols. Administered intranasally or subcutaneously.

Also known as GHRH (1-29), GRF 1-29

Sermorelin is a synthetic form of the first 29 amino acids of growth hormone-releasing hormone, the active fragment required to stimulate pituitary GH release. It preserves physiologic pulsatility and the GH feedback loop. Primary use is adult GH insufficiency and age-related GH decline. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as ERR pan-agonist

SLU-PP-332 is an orally active pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptors (ERR alpha, beta, and gamma). It upregulates mitochondrial biogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative metabolism, mimicking key transcriptional effects of endurance exercise. Primary use is investigational for metabolic dysfunction and mitochondrial support. Administered orally in research settings.

Also known as Elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia

SS-31 is a tetrapeptide (D-Arg-2’,6’-dimethyl-Tyr-Lys-Phe) that selectively binds cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane. It stabilizes cristae architecture and improves electron transport chain efficiency, preserving ATP production under stress. Primary use is mitochondrial myopathy, heart failure, and age-related mitochondrial decline. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Thymosin Beta-4, TB4

TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of the 43-amino acid actin-sequestering protein thymosin beta-4. It regulates actin dynamics, promotes cellular migration, angiogenesis, and stem cell recruitment to injury sites. Primary use is tissue repair, tendon and ligament healing, and cardiac recovery. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Stabilized GHRH analog

Tesamorelin is a stabilized GHRH (1-44) analog with an N-terminal trans-3-hexenoic acid moiety that resists enzymatic degradation. It restores physiologic GH pulsatility and is the only GHRH analog with specific clinical data on visceral adipose tissue reduction. Primary use is HIV-associated lipodystrophy and clinician-guided visceral fat reduction. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as NS2330

Tesofensine is a centrally acting inhibitor of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin reuptake originally developed for Parkinson disease. It produces pronounced appetite suppression and weight loss through sustained monoamine tone in hypothalamic satiety circuits. Primary use is investigational obesity and metabolic therapy. Administered orally.

Also known as Glu-Trp dipeptide, Thymogen Alpha

Thymogen is a synthetic dipeptide (Glu-Trp) corresponding to the active site of Thymosin Alpha-1. It modulates T-cell maturation, restores immune balance in immunodeficiency, and supports antiviral response. Primary use is immune support in chronic infection, post-viral recovery, and perioperative immunity. Administered intranasally or intramuscularly.

Also known as TA-1, Thymalfasin

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino acid acetylated peptide derived from prothymosin alpha. It modulates dendritic cell and T-cell function, shifts adaptive responses toward Th1, and normalizes regulatory T-cell activity. Primary use is chronic viral infection, immune dysregulation, and as adjunctive therapy in selected cancers. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as Facteur Thymique Serique, FTS, Zinc-thymulin

Thymulin is a nonapeptide thymic hormone whose biological activity depends on bound zinc. It coordinates T-cell differentiation and maturation and modulates systemic inflammation. Primary use is immunosenescence, autoimmune modulation, and age-related immune decline. Administered subcutaneously.

Also known as GLP-1 / GIP dual agonist

Tirzepatide is a synthetic peptide that activates both the GLP-1 and GIP receptors. It pairs GLP-1 effects on insulin secretion, gastric emptying, and appetite with GIP-mediated adipocyte and CNS signaling, producing superior glycemic control and weight loss compared to GLP-1 monotherapy. Primary use is type 2 diabetes and obesity. Administered subcutaneously.